Different Types of Fires and How to Extinguish Them

4/17/2024 (Permalink)

Fires can occur in various forms, each requiring a specific approach for safe extinguishment. Understanding the different types of fires and how to combat them is crucial to preventing severe fire damage to your property and personal belongings. In this blog, we will explore the four main classifications of fires and the appropriate methods to extinguish each type. By being prepared and equipped with the right knowledge, you can effectively address different fires and minimize the need for fire damage restoration.

Class A Fires: Combustible Solids

Class A fires involve ordinary combustible materials such as wood, paper, fabric, and plastics. To extinguish Class A fires:

• Use water or water-based extinguishers: Water is the most common and effective method for extinguishing Class A fires. Aim the water at the base of the flames, sweeping across the area until the fire is completely extinguished.
• Utilize foam or multi-purpose dry chemical extinguishers: Foam and dry chemical extinguishers work by smothering the fire with an extinguishing agent that inhibits the release of oxygen. These types of extinguishers are also effective for Class A fires.

Class B Fires: Flammable Liquids

Class B fires involve flammable liquids, including gasoline, oils, and solvents. To extinguish Class B fires:

• Utilize dry powder or carbon dioxide (CO2) extinguishers: Dry powder extinguishers are effective in containing Class B fires by cutting off the oxygen supply. CO2 extinguishers work similarly by displacing oxygen and cooling the flames.
• Avoid using water-based extinguishers: Water can spread flammable liquids and make the fire worse, increasing the risk of fire damage.

Class C Fires: Electrical Equipment

Class C fires involve electrical equipment, including appliances, wiring, and overloaded electrical outlets. When dealing with Class C fires:

• Shut off the power: Turn off the electrical source or unplug the equipment, if possible. This action eliminates the electrical supply and minimizes the risk of electrocution.
• Utilize carbon dioxide (CO2) extinguishers: CO2 extinguishers deprive the fire of oxygen, helping suppress the flames without conducting electricity.

Never use water-based extinguishers or attempt to douse the fire with water: The presence of water can increase the risk of electrocution and cause further damage.

Class D Fires: Combustible Metals

Class D fires involve combustible metals such as magnesium, lithium, and titanium. These fires require specialized extinguishing agents, such as Class D powder extinguishers or sand:

• Utilize Class D powder extinguishers or sand: These extinguishing agents smother the fire to prevent it from spreading or reigniting. For safety, avoid using water, as it can react violently with certain metals and exacerbate the fire damage.
• Call professional assistance: Class D fires can be extremely hazardous and challenging to handle. Contact professional fire remediation services, like SERVPRO®, for swift and safe resolution.

Understanding the different types of fires and the appropriate methods for extinguishing them is vital to protect your property and personal belongings from fire damage. Remember to use water for Class A fires, dry powder or CO2 extinguishers for Class B and C fires, and specialized extinguishing agents or sand for Class D fires. Always prioritize safety and, when in doubt, contact professional fire damage restoration services, like SERVPRO, for comprehensive assistance. By properly addressing different types of fires, you can mitigate fire damage and ensure a safer environment for yourself and your loved ones.